That laser pointer could be more dangerous than you think

But increasing ease of use can bring with it the danger of misuse, whether deliberate or accidental. Concern is growing over the safe use of small, battery powered, hand held lasers. For example, there are now thousands of incidents every year of aircraft pilots being targeted by lasers from the ground close to airports, with some suffering serious eye damage.

This wilful and illegal misuse highlights the potential for accidents too. Our eyes are highly developed to see in great detail and also in very low light, but these very qualities make them vulnerable to damage from light, too. Lasers are classified according to whether they present a danger to the eye, with classes 1 and 2 being safe in normal use, but how often do we check that a new media player has its correct "class 1 laser product" sticker?

Dangerous lights

At least the lasers in media players are enclosed. Laser pointers are designed to be free and to be seen. At low power, less than a thousandth of a Watt or 1mW, laser pointers are useful and bright but still safe. Straying above that power, however, risks eye damage if the laser beam is shone into someone's eyes.

 

Current laser technology can easily produce hundreds or even a thousand times the safe limit in a battery-powered hand-held device, which can be dangerous even at a large distance. For many consumers, there is not even an awareness of the scale of the danger.

We know to be careful close to a knife, and a gun is very clearly a threat even at a distance. A laser pointer may seem like a harmless toy, but with too much power it has the potential to do serious harm from afar.

Unfortunately, it's difficult to be sure that your laser is low enough power and there are far too many incorrectly labelled lasers easily available at low prices. A study in the US found 90% of green laser pointers tested did not comply with federal regulations.

 

I have measured many blue and green laser pointers from common online retailers sold as 1mW or less, but actually producing 20, 50 or even 100 times that safe limit. In fact, there is almost an incentive for small retailers in an online marketplace to provide too much power. Customer reviews are vital and there are many more customers who are likely to give bad feedback if the laser seems too dim than experts who both know the regulations and are able to measure laser power accurately.