Applications and advantages of ultrafast laser
Ultra fast laser applies to diamond, sapphire, glass,
semiconductor, metal, polymer and other materials precision fine machining.
Origin
Let the time back
to the 1980-1990 era, then all optical scientists in the laboratory of
painstaking design, adjustment of ultrafast laser transmission, focusing, try
to irradiation on a variety of materials, in order to find the moment of
arrival (they actually found a large number of unusual phenomena), they don't
think twenty or thirty after years of ultrafast laser processing workshop has
quietly entered the consumer electronics factory, entered the hospital to carry
out precise eye surgery, a key ring into the sophisticated components
manufacturing.
Today, many people around
the world are beginning to rely on ultra fast lasers because they can do many
jobs that conventional methods do not.
Application
Ultrafast laser
called ultrashort pulse laser, its main characteristic parameters for the laser
pulse width from several to 10 femtosecond picosecond pulse repetition
frequency, from single pulse to 100MHz, laser wavelength from UV to ir.
After nearly 30 years of research and
development, ultra fast laser non hot and cold processing attributes began to
be loved. It is suitable for the machining of high precision and complex shape
devices which can not be realized by other processing methods. Ultrafast laser
micromachining of the main principle is the use of ultrafast laser pulse
focusing "focus" and the material nonlinear interaction, the minimum
can induce photochemical changes in sub wavelength to the nanometer scale and
the local material properties changed by computer pattern generation and
"focus" scanning, multi beam interference and self coherence etc. the
way, micro structure, micro device fabrication.
The advantages of
ultrafast laser micromachining are summarized as follows:
The suitable
materials of broad spectrum, especially difficult processing materials.The
photon energy of ultrafast laser beam is highly concentrated in time, after
focusing power density can reach a very high value, the use of ordinary
commercial ultrafast laser can induce an easy job to do almost any material
molecular bonds break and ionization state, and physical property variation
caused by the irreversible phase transition provides a physical basis for
ultrafast laser material processing.Due to the high strength, ultrafast laser
processing has a broad spectrum of materials, including diamond, sapphire,
glass, semiconductors, metals, ceramics and polymers and other materials.
The processing
precision is high, suitable for the preparation of complex 3D structures.Due to
the nonlinear absorption processes such as multiphoton absorption cross section
is very small, light excitation in the focal region of bounded minimum
detention area; in addition, due to the excitation of ultrafast, avoid thermal
relaxation, so ultrafast become a quasi adiabatic process, and light as an electromagnetic
wave is different from the real particle wave, can penetrate the transparent
material, processed from the inside.These guarantee ultrafast laser processing
with high three-dimensional processing resolution, even exceeding the optical
diffraction limit, to nanometer scale.
The non mask
technique, suitable for non planar processing.Ultra fast laser micro machining
is controlled by computer program, and is scanned in accordance with the
drawings of the structure to be processed.The pattern definition does not
require mask assistance, and is a non mask micro nanofabrication
technique.Without the mask, the laser focus can be scanned by the optical
surface, and the microstructure is fabricated on the non flat surface
substrate.
At present,
ultrafast laser micro machining has been widely used in consumer electronics,
Bio Medical, aerospace, information technology, new energy, new materials and
other industries.The processing techniques include drilling, scribing,
slotting, surface texturing, surface modification, internal modification,
welding, finishing, cleaning, etc..Around these ultrafast laser processing
technology, industry chain related enterprises and research institutes are
developing more stable performance, low cost and ultrafast laser device, beam
shaping space transmission technology, combined with the optimal processing
technology of material properties and manufacturing technology and intelligent
control of.
Market
According to the
special study on photonic and laser industry Strategies Unlimited predicts that
the global sales laser market in 2019 will reach $12 billion, while the total
market of ultrafast laser will exceed $1 billion 400 million, the market growth
rate is the ultrafast laser laser market grew two times as fast.The growth rate
of femtosecond laser is larger than picosecond laser.The gap between the two is
shrinking, which will lead to the use of femtosecond lasers in picosecond laser
applications.
Extending from the
perspective of industry chain, the laser industry should look like this, the
laser output value of 1 billion yuan, 5 billion yuan output value of the laser
processing system to the application to provoke the output value of 50 billion
yuan, so that by 2020 up to the size of the ultrafast laser industry chain to more
than $70 billion of the scale.As early as 2010, the United States Raydiance
company (acquired by Coherent in 2015) President Scott Davidson predicted that
in 10 years, ultrafast laser technology will have more than $100 billion
market, and now his prediction is becoming a reality.
Domestic and
foreign companies engaged in ultrafast laser device manufacturing and ultrafast
laser micro processing technology have sprung up to seize the emerging market
of ultrafast laser micro processing.Although there are a number of companies
developing femtosecond laser devices both at home and abroad, Tom Hausken,
chief analyst at Strategies Unlimited, thinks"...More value, that is,
significant revenues and profits, comes not from lasers, but from systems built
around lasers.Therefore, there are many opportunities here......".
At present, around
the ultrafast laser industry domestic and foreign mergers and acquisitions
after another, the laser and optoelectronics industry giants layout, the
ultrafast laser industry chain enterprises implementing mergers and
acquisitions in recent five years, nearly twenty mergers and acquisitions have
been implemented, you Changba me play, the next few years, people will see more
mergers and acquisitions.
Although it has
infinite bright future for the development of ultrafast laser micromachining,
but should be aware that the current mature ultrafast laser applications market
is very limited, with a large number of companies and into the pursuit of
capital, will cause the early industrial overheating will also usher in the
bottleneck of industrial development and even short-term slump.But in the near
future, with the development of more applications, a broader market will
emerge, and ultrafast laser micro machining will flourish for a long time.
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